Grammar unit 15
Future Simple Passive المستقبل البسيط المبنى للمجهول
Will + inf. >>> will be + PP. راجع استخدامات المستقبل في الوحدة الأولي
In the future, we will produce more of our energy from wind power.
= In the future , more of our energy will be produced from wind power.
Today, they will announce plans to build a new road round the city center.
= Today, plans to build a new road round the city center will be announced.
Future Perfect Passive المستقبل التام المبنى للمجهول
يتكون المستقبل التام من
will have / shall have + PP ويدل علي أن شيء سيكون قد تم حدوثه قبل وقت معين في الماضي
ويستخدم هذا الزمن عادة مع الكلمات الدالة علي المستقبل مسبوقة بكلمة
" by " or " in " or " this time next ... "
By (the year) 2100 / By tomorrow morning / by next October / by next Monday / by tomorrow evening / by next year / By this time next week / by 6 o'clock tomorrow / by next Christmas , in 2 years' time , this time next month , etc....
في المبني للمجهول يتكون هذا الزمن من
will have been / shall have been + PP.
By the year 2100, we will have saved millions of trees and hundreds of forests.
= By the year 2100, millions of trees and hundreds of forests will have been saved.
By 2050, they will have replaced the old building by modern offices.
= By 2050, the old building will have been replaced by modern offices.
By the time + present simple >>> Future Perfect
By the time she comes back home. I'll have finished all the exercises.
By the time the exam begins, I'll have forgotten everything.
Have Causative
Have + something " object " + PP لبيان أن شخص آخر قد قام بعمل الفعل
نستخدم have
فى نفس زمن الجملة ويمكن أن يأتي هذا التركيب في الأزمنة المختلفة
Verb "to have" in different tenses
Present simple have/has + object + pp.
Present cont. am having/is having/are having + object + pp.
Present perfect have had / has had + object + pp.
Past simple had + object + pp.
Past cont. was having / were having + object + pp.
Past perfect had had + object + pp.
Future simple will have / shall have + object + pp.
Modals Can / may / should / must / be going to + have + object + pp.
Did you paint the house yourself ?
- No, I had it painted.
Is she typing the report herself ?
- No, she’s having it typed.
Someone had cleaned the floor for me.
I had had the floor cleaned.
Someone mended her bike the other day.
She had her bike mended the other day.
Someone will fix the phone for me.
I will have the phone fixed.
The photographer is going to develop the film for them.
They are going to have the film developed.
و يمكن استخدام get بنفس الطريقة
The barber is going to cut my hair.
I am going to get my hair cut.
Someone is decorating her house.
She is getting her house decorated.
لاحظ التالى
Have + someone + inf.
I had the mechanic repair my car.
Get + someone + to + inf.
I got the mechanic to repair my car.
Reflexive Pronouns الضمائر المنعكسة
Singular مفرد: myself yourself herself himself itself
Plural جمع : ourselves yourselves themselves
يستخدم الضمير المنعكس عندما يكون المفعول و الفاعل واحد
He hurt himself.
He bought himself a mew shirt.
She looked at herself in the mirror.
Hala cut herself when she was peeling يقشر the potatoes.
I don’t want you to pay for me. I’ll pay for myself.
يستخدم الضمير المنعكس للتأكيد ويأتي إما بعد الفاعل أو بعد المفعول
I myself did the job. / I did the job myself.
‘Who mended your bike?’ ‘Nobody. I repaired it myself.
I am not going to do your homework. You’ll have to do it yourself.
يستخدم الضمير المنعكس بعد
by " بمعني " بمفرده " أو " دون مساعدة
by myself = on my own = alone / without any help
I went to the cinema on my own. = alone = by myself
Did you paint that picture on your own? = without any help = by yourself.
لا تستخدم الضمائر المنعكسة بعد حروف الجر الخاصة بالموقع أو المكان أو الاتجاه
She put her bag next to her. The car was coming fast towards him.
She took her dog with her.
يمكن أن نستخدم الضمائر المنعكسة بعد حروف الجر
after / for / on
The children are old enough to look after themselves.
Try to depend on yourself.
يُستخدم الضمير المنعكس
oneself بمعني المرء أو الإنسان
Talking to oneself is the first sign of madness.
لاحظ الفرق بين on his own , of his own
on his own = alone / without help
My aunt lives on her own. Don’t help him. Let him do it on his own.
Of his own = belonging to him and to no one else تدل علي الملكية
I’d like to have a car of my own. He’s got no ideas of his own.
Idioms with reflexive pronouns: تعبيرات معينة تستخدم فيها الضمائر المنعكسة
Enjoy yourself = have a good time
Help yourself = take what you want
Make yourself at home. = behave freely as if it were your own home
He made a name for himself. = He became famous أصبح مشهورا
Take care of yourself
Behave yourself = be polite /behave well كن مهذبا
Future Simple Passive المستقبل البسيط المبنى للمجهول
Will + inf. >>> will be + PP. راجع استخدامات المستقبل في الوحدة الأولي
In the future, we will produce more of our energy from wind power.
= In the future , more of our energy will be produced from wind power.
Today, they will announce plans to build a new road round the city center.
= Today, plans to build a new road round the city center will be announced.
Future Perfect Passive المستقبل التام المبنى للمجهول
يتكون المستقبل التام من
will have / shall have + PP ويدل علي أن شيء سيكون قد تم حدوثه قبل وقت معين في الماضي
ويستخدم هذا الزمن عادة مع الكلمات الدالة علي المستقبل مسبوقة بكلمة
" by " or " in " or " this time next ... "
By (the year) 2100 / By tomorrow morning / by next October / by next Monday / by tomorrow evening / by next year / By this time next week / by 6 o'clock tomorrow / by next Christmas , in 2 years' time , this time next month , etc....
في المبني للمجهول يتكون هذا الزمن من
will have been / shall have been + PP.
By the year 2100, we will have saved millions of trees and hundreds of forests.
= By the year 2100, millions of trees and hundreds of forests will have been saved.
By 2050, they will have replaced the old building by modern offices.
= By 2050, the old building will have been replaced by modern offices.
By the time + present simple >>> Future Perfect
By the time she comes back home. I'll have finished all the exercises.
By the time the exam begins, I'll have forgotten everything.
Have Causative
Have + something " object " + PP لبيان أن شخص آخر قد قام بعمل الفعل
نستخدم have
فى نفس زمن الجملة ويمكن أن يأتي هذا التركيب في الأزمنة المختلفة
Verb "to have" in different tenses
Present simple have/has + object + pp.
Present cont. am having/is having/are having + object + pp.
Present perfect have had / has had + object + pp.
Past simple had + object + pp.
Past cont. was having / were having + object + pp.
Past perfect had had + object + pp.
Future simple will have / shall have + object + pp.
Modals Can / may / should / must / be going to + have + object + pp.
Did you paint the house yourself ?
- No, I had it painted.
Is she typing the report herself ?
- No, she’s having it typed.
Someone had cleaned the floor for me.
I had had the floor cleaned.
Someone mended her bike the other day.
She had her bike mended the other day.
Someone will fix the phone for me.
I will have the phone fixed.
The photographer is going to develop the film for them.
They are going to have the film developed.
و يمكن استخدام get بنفس الطريقة
The barber is going to cut my hair.
I am going to get my hair cut.
Someone is decorating her house.
She is getting her house decorated.
لاحظ التالى
Have + someone + inf.
I had the mechanic repair my car.
Get + someone + to + inf.
I got the mechanic to repair my car.
Reflexive Pronouns الضمائر المنعكسة
Singular مفرد: myself yourself herself himself itself
Plural جمع : ourselves yourselves themselves
يستخدم الضمير المنعكس عندما يكون المفعول و الفاعل واحد
He hurt himself.
He bought himself a mew shirt.
She looked at herself in the mirror.
Hala cut herself when she was peeling يقشر the potatoes.
I don’t want you to pay for me. I’ll pay for myself.
يستخدم الضمير المنعكس للتأكيد ويأتي إما بعد الفاعل أو بعد المفعول
I myself did the job. / I did the job myself.
‘Who mended your bike?’ ‘Nobody. I repaired it myself.
I am not going to do your homework. You’ll have to do it yourself.
يستخدم الضمير المنعكس بعد
by " بمعني " بمفرده " أو " دون مساعدة
by myself = on my own = alone / without any help
I went to the cinema on my own. = alone = by myself
Did you paint that picture on your own? = without any help = by yourself.
لا تستخدم الضمائر المنعكسة بعد حروف الجر الخاصة بالموقع أو المكان أو الاتجاه
She put her bag next to her. The car was coming fast towards him.
She took her dog with her.
يمكن أن نستخدم الضمائر المنعكسة بعد حروف الجر
after / for / on
The children are old enough to look after themselves.
Try to depend on yourself.
يُستخدم الضمير المنعكس
oneself بمعني المرء أو الإنسان
Talking to oneself is the first sign of madness.
لاحظ الفرق بين on his own , of his own
on his own = alone / without help
My aunt lives on her own. Don’t help him. Let him do it on his own.
Of his own = belonging to him and to no one else تدل علي الملكية
I’d like to have a car of my own. He’s got no ideas of his own.
Idioms with reflexive pronouns: تعبيرات معينة تستخدم فيها الضمائر المنعكسة
Enjoy yourself = have a good time
Help yourself = take what you want
Make yourself at home. = behave freely as if it were your own home
He made a name for himself. = He became famous أصبح مشهورا
Take care of yourself
Behave yourself = be polite /behave well كن مهذبا
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