UNIT 17 - Steinbeck : The Pearl
Vocabulary
celebrity شخص مشهور civil servant موظف حكومي correspondent مراسل
economic depression كساد اقتصادي diver غواص force (v) يُجبر / يُرغم
pearl لؤلؤ publicity دعاية / شهرة / ذيوع صيت cave كهف greed الجشع scorpion عقرب throw away = throw out يتخلص من شيء برميه be stung by يُلدغ من treat يُعالج / يُعامل
merchant تاجر persuade يقنع persuasion إقناع greedy جشِع
treatment علاج / معاملة persuasive مقنع stinging (adj.) لاذع burgle ( يسطو علي (مسكن
burglary سرقة (مسكن) / سطو burglar ( لص (مساكن a wedding present هدية زفاف
a missing car سيارة مفقودة a rival firm شركة منافسة breathing equipment معدات أو أجهزة التنفس
attention اهتمام / انتباه oyster محار the great depression الكساد العظيم
The Grapes of Wrath ( عناقيد الغضب (اسم رواية early childhood الطفولة المبكرة
badly paid jobs وظائف ذات أجور متدنية an influential prize جائزة هامة
a private person شخص كتوم أو متحفظ a poisonous sting لدغة سامة creature مخلوق
subject = topic موضوع the twentieth century القرن العشرين scorpion sting لدغة عقرب
scorpion venom سم العقرب sophisticated متقدم / متطور hyacinth ورد النيل
censor رقيب consumer society مجتمع استهلاكي make a reservation يحجز
be worth a lot of money تساوي الكثير من المال refund ( يعيد المال (عند ارجاع شيء اشتريته
purchase يشتري organ عضو entertainer مقدم فقرات ترفيهية comedian ممثل كوميدي
script نص الفيلم أو المسرحية martial arts الفنون القتالية tournament ( دورة (ألعاب
flight attendant مضيفة طيران consultant استشاري supervisor مشرف
pedestrian crossing عبور المشاة burglar alarm انذار ضد السرقة convenient ملائم
emergency services خدمات الطواريء renovate يجدد convert يُحَوِل tactful لبق
stingy بخيل / شحيح stinginess شح / بُخل lay off workers يستعني عن العمال
Vocabulary
celebrity شخص مشهور civil servant موظف حكومي correspondent مراسل
economic depression كساد اقتصادي diver غواص force (v) يُجبر / يُرغم
pearl لؤلؤ publicity دعاية / شهرة / ذيوع صيت cave كهف greed الجشع scorpion عقرب throw away = throw out يتخلص من شيء برميه be stung by يُلدغ من treat يُعالج / يُعامل
merchant تاجر persuade يقنع persuasion إقناع greedy جشِع
treatment علاج / معاملة persuasive مقنع stinging (adj.) لاذع burgle ( يسطو علي (مسكن
burglary سرقة (مسكن) / سطو burglar ( لص (مساكن a wedding present هدية زفاف
a missing car سيارة مفقودة a rival firm شركة منافسة breathing equipment معدات أو أجهزة التنفس
attention اهتمام / انتباه oyster محار the great depression الكساد العظيم
The Grapes of Wrath ( عناقيد الغضب (اسم رواية early childhood الطفولة المبكرة
badly paid jobs وظائف ذات أجور متدنية an influential prize جائزة هامة
a private person شخص كتوم أو متحفظ a poisonous sting لدغة سامة creature مخلوق
subject = topic موضوع the twentieth century القرن العشرين scorpion sting لدغة عقرب
scorpion venom سم العقرب sophisticated متقدم / متطور hyacinth ورد النيل
censor رقيب consumer society مجتمع استهلاكي make a reservation يحجز
be worth a lot of money تساوي الكثير من المال refund ( يعيد المال (عند ارجاع شيء اشتريته
purchase يشتري organ عضو entertainer مقدم فقرات ترفيهية comedian ممثل كوميدي
script نص الفيلم أو المسرحية martial arts الفنون القتالية tournament ( دورة (ألعاب
flight attendant مضيفة طيران consultant استشاري supervisor مشرف
pedestrian crossing عبور المشاة burglar alarm انذار ضد السرقة convenient ملائم
emergency services خدمات الطواريء renovate يجدد convert يُحَوِل tactful لبق
stingy بخيل / شحيح stinginess شح / بُخل lay off workers يستعني عن العمال
Prepositions and Expressions
do business with يقوم بعمل تجاري مع
go diving يذهب للغوص
go into town يذهب الي المدينة
cry out يصرخ
throw (it) into the sea يرميها في البحر
hide in a cave يختبيء في كهف
take over يستولي علي
be on someone's side يقف الي جانب شخص
an expert on literature خبير في الأدب
the Nobel prize for literature جائزة نوبل للآداب
a correspondent for a newspaper مراسل لصحيفة
tell the truth about يقول الحقيقة
think about the problem يفكر في المشكلة
get rid of يتخلص من
give up يستسلم / يقلع عن
turn down يرفض
by force بالقوة
cave in يسقط / ينهار
at a rate of بمعدل
disgusted by يشمئز من
have the right to له الحق في
compensate for يعوض عن
pay for يدفع ثمن
sentence someone to يحكم علي شخص بـ
Words that go together
sack employees يفصل العاملين
civil war حرب أهلية
civil defence الدفاع المدني
acute depression اكتئاب حاد
resort to force يلجأ الي القوة
gravitational force قوة الجاذبية
greed for money جشع من أجل المال
blind to reality غافل عن الحقيقة
a cave in the mountain كهف في الجبال
dive under water يغوص تحت الماء
treat an illness يعالج مرض
be stung by a scorpion يُلغ من عقرب
persuade someone to change their mind يقنع شخص بتغيير رأيه
satisfaction of human needs اشباع الحاجات الانسانية
greedy people ناس جشعون
contrary to expectations علي عكس التوقعات
warn someone of the risks of يحذر شخص من مخاطر
a period of economic depression فترة كساد اقتصادي
inflation rate معدل التضخم
annual rate معدل سنوي
success rate معدل النجاح
unexpected failure فشل غير متوقع
wholesale prices أسعار الجملة
etail prices أسعار التجزئة
Read the following passage carefully:
The Pearl : A story of greed
Kino, a Mexican pearl diver, and his wife Juana live a happy life until, one morning, their son Coyotito is stung by a scorpion. They take him to the local doctor, but he will not treat the boy because the family is too poor to pay. Juana treats the boy herself. That same day, Kino goes diving and finds an enormous pearl, which means he is now a wealthy man. However, when other people hear about the pearl, they plan to steal it. When the doctor hears about Kino's pearl, he offers to treat Coyotito, even though Juana's treatment has already cured him. That night, someone tries to steal the pearl, so the next day Kino goes into town to sell it. The merchants say the pearl is not very valuable because it is too big. Kino knows this is a trick and so he decides to go to another town to sell the pearl.
Juana tries to persuade Kino to throw it away because she believes it is evil and fears that it will destroy the family, but Kino refuses. He wants it to pay for his son's education.
On their way to the other town, the family are followed by thieves who want the pearl. Juana and Coyotito hide in a mountain cave, but Coyotito cries out. When the thieves hear this noise, they fire their guns at what they think is a wild animal. Kino attacks the thieves, but by now it is too late - Coyotito is dead. Deciding that the pearl is evil, Kino and Juana return to their home town and throw it into the sea.
Definitions
celebrity = a famous person , especially an actor or entertainer
civil servant = someone who works in the civil service(for a government department)
correspondent = someone whose job is to report news from a distant place or write about a particular subject.
economic depression = a long period when there is not a lot of business activity.
diver = someone who swims under water with breathing equipment
force = to make someone do something they do not want to do
pearl = a valuable small white round object that forms inside an oyster and is used in jewellery
publicity = attention that someone or something gets from newspapers , TV , etc.
cave = a large natural hole in the side of a cliff or under the ground.
greed = when you want to have more money , food , power etc than you need.
scorpion = a creature like a large insect with a curved tail that has a poisonous sting.
throw away = to get rid of something that you do not want or need.
merchant = someone who buys and sells large quantities of food.
stung = the past participle of the verb "sting". If an insect, animal or plant stings you, it hurts you by putting poison into your skin
treat = to give someone medical treatment for an illness or injury
Language Notes
Think of = think about يفكر في / عند السؤال عن الرأي
I'm thinking of / about buying a new car.
What do you think of / about this shirt?
Think of يتذكر / يراعى الآخرين
I can't think of her name now.
You should think of other people.
inquire / enquire (about) = ask for information يستفسر require = need يتطلب / يحتاج
He enquired about the price of tickets.
Please telephone this number if you require any further information.
receipt إيصال الشراء bill فاتورة (كهرباء / مياه / تليفون / مطعم)
Make sure you are given a receipt for everything you buy.
They asked the waitress for the bill.
لاحظ استخدام التعبيرات الآتية مع فعل
tell
tell a story tell يحكى قصة
the difference يبين الفرق أو الاختلاف
tell the truth يقول الحقيقة
tell the time يخبر بالوقت
tell a joke يروي نكتة
tell a secret يُفشي سر
tell a lie يكذب
tell someone off يوبخ
tell fortunes يتنبأ بما سيحدث لشخص
لاحظ استخدام التعبيرات الآتية مع كلمة
time
opening time
closing time
arrival time
departure timeوقت المغادرة
free time = spare time
time's up انتهي الوقت المحدد
at times = sometimes = from time to time أحيانا
time after time = time and time again
at all times = always at the time في ذلك الوقت
take your time تمهل / لا تتسرع
in no time بأسرع وقت
once upon a time ذات مرة - كان يا مكان
a matter of time مسألة وقت
يمكن استخدام الأسئلة الآتية عند السؤال عن الوقت
What time is it?
What's the time?
Do you have the time?
Have you got the time?
What time do you have?
What time do you make it?
لاحظ الجملة الآتية
Watching TV for two hours, I went to bed.
= After I had watched TV for two hours, I went to bed.
Exercises on Vocabulary and Language Notes:
Choose the correct answer:
1- Today's newspaper has a very interesting report from one of their (accountants – correspondents – engineers – carpenters) in India.
2- My grandmother's beautiful (pearl – plastic – wooden - woolen) necklace was a wedding present from her uncle. It cost him a lot of money.
3- Police are looking for the missing car. (Drivers – Observers – Believers - Divers) have been searching the river all day.
4- A well-known TV (security – authority – celebrity - charity) is opening a new supermarket in our town tomorrow.
5- People lost their jobs and businesses closed during that year's terrible (depression – decision – delusion - discussion).
6- I'd like to help my country by working as a civil (singer – musician – doctor – servant).
7- Being (sung – rung – stung - hung) by an insect is very painful.
8- That shopkeeper is always great to (do – make – take – put) business with.
9- My friend (saved – prevented - persuaded - made) me to go swimming, even though I felt ill.
10- You should be careful when you (drive – live – dive - hive) into water if you don't know how deep it is.
11- Although people are frightened of them, (scorpions – Cows – Flies - Ducks) don't kill many human beings.
12- I (took – made – threw – flew) away the newspaper this morning. I didn't know you hadn't read it.
13- With a little (dissuasion – persuasion – invasion - deprivation), he has agreed to meet tomorrow evening.
14- My sister can be very (excessive – passive – persuasive - obsessive). She usually gets what she wants.
15- Don't be so (bloody – moody – sandy - greedy). You've eaten enough.
16- What's the best (agreement – elimination – treatment – development) for a headache?
17- They gave a (stinging – singing – banging - ringing) report about the company's problems.
18- A (hall – hole – cave – tunnel) is a large natural hole in the side of a cliff or under the ground.
19- A (greedy – speedy – weary - angry) man usually wants to have more money, food, power etc than he needs.
20- A (scorpion - scooter – scope - score) has a poisonous sting.
21- A (diamond – stone – pearl - necklace) is a valuable small white round object that forms inside an oyster and is used in jewellery.
22- To (deprive – force – imitate - bring) is to make someone do something they do not want to do.
23- A (calamity – causality – capacity - celebrity) is a famous person, especially an actor or entertainer.
24- A (social – civilized - civil – devil) servant is someone who works in the civil service or a government department.
25- A (presenter – correspondent – interviewer - manager) is someone whose job is to report news from a distant place or write about a particular subject.
26- A (shopper – shopkeeper – merchant - salesperson) is someone who buys and sells large quantities of food.
27- Most wild animals won't (attract – block – check – attack) unless they are provoked.
28- I shouldn't have (thrown – done – brought – taken) away the receipt. I need it to return this shirt.
29- Doctors are (beating – heating – treating – sending) him for cancer.
30- Henry was (hanged - stung – tricked – cheated) by a bee at the picnic.
31- After this accident, it will be difficult for the government to (persuade – congratulate – concentrate – compensate) people that nuclear power stations are safe.
32- We do (industry – shops - business – sales) with a number of Italian companies.
33- Don't be so (greedy – gassy – glassy – granny)! Leave some cake for everyone else.
34- He became a national (festival – feast - celebrity – liberty) after winning the contest.
35- Martin Bell worked for many years as the BBC's war (caricaturist –correspondent – cartoonist – colonist), covering conflicts all over the world.
36- William blamed his financial difficulties on the worldwide (compression – admission – concession – depression).
37- The submarine (derived – dived - approved – involved) just in time to avoid the enemy attack.
38- He noticed she was wearing a string of (rocks – dust – pearls – peels) about her neck.
39- It had taken a great deal of (persuasion – prevention – invention – intention) to get him to accept.
40- You don't really want more ice cream - it's just (seed – breed – greed – bleed).
Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- Doctors are trying out a new tournament for depression.
2- He made a sponging attack on government policy.
3- Ali's argument was preservative, but the managers still turned down his proposal.
4- After he had been beaten by the scorpion, he was taken to the local doctor.
5- Douglas was seated with much more respect after his promotion.
6- He went driving and found an enormous pearl.
7- When other people heard about the valuable peel, they planned to steal it.
8- I don’t need that—you can throw it on.
9- Being needy does not always solve people's problems.
10- I've been corrupting with several experts in the field.
do business with يقوم بعمل تجاري مع
go into town يذهب الي المدينة
cry out يصرخ
throw (it) into the sea يرميها في البحر
hide in a cave يختبيء في كهف
take over يستولي علي
be on someone's side يقف الي جانب شخص
an expert on literature خبير في الأدب
the Nobel prize for literature جائزة نوبل للآداب
a correspondent for a newspaper مراسل لصحيفة
tell the truth about يقول الحقيقة
think about the problem يفكر في المشكلة
get rid of يتخلص من
give up يستسلم / يقلع عن
turn down يرفض
by force بالقوة
cave in يسقط / ينهار
at a rate of بمعدل
disgusted by يشمئز من
have the right to له الحق في
compensate for يعوض عن
pay for يدفع ثمن
sentence someone to يحكم علي شخص بـ
Words that go together
sack employees يفصل العاملين
civil war حرب أهلية
civil defence الدفاع المدني
acute depression اكتئاب حاد
resort to force يلجأ الي القوة
gravitational force قوة الجاذبية
greed for money جشع من أجل المال
blind to reality غافل عن الحقيقة
a cave in the mountain كهف في الجبال
dive under water يغوص تحت الماء
treat an illness يعالج مرض
be stung by a scorpion يُلغ من عقرب
persuade someone to change their mind يقنع شخص بتغيير رأيه
satisfaction of human needs اشباع الحاجات الانسانية
greedy people ناس جشعون
contrary to expectations علي عكس التوقعات
warn someone of the risks of يحذر شخص من مخاطر
a period of economic depression فترة كساد اقتصادي
inflation rate معدل التضخم
annual rate معدل سنوي
success rate معدل النجاح
unexpected failure فشل غير متوقع
wholesale prices أسعار الجملة
etail prices أسعار التجزئة
Read the following passage carefully:
The Pearl : A story of greed
Kino, a Mexican pearl diver, and his wife Juana live a happy life until, one morning, their son Coyotito is stung by a scorpion. They take him to the local doctor, but he will not treat the boy because the family is too poor to pay. Juana treats the boy herself. That same day, Kino goes diving and finds an enormous pearl, which means he is now a wealthy man. However, when other people hear about the pearl, they plan to steal it. When the doctor hears about Kino's pearl, he offers to treat Coyotito, even though Juana's treatment has already cured him. That night, someone tries to steal the pearl, so the next day Kino goes into town to sell it. The merchants say the pearl is not very valuable because it is too big. Kino knows this is a trick and so he decides to go to another town to sell the pearl.
Juana tries to persuade Kino to throw it away because she believes it is evil and fears that it will destroy the family, but Kino refuses. He wants it to pay for his son's education.
On their way to the other town, the family are followed by thieves who want the pearl. Juana and Coyotito hide in a mountain cave, but Coyotito cries out. When the thieves hear this noise, they fire their guns at what they think is a wild animal. Kino attacks the thieves, but by now it is too late - Coyotito is dead. Deciding that the pearl is evil, Kino and Juana return to their home town and throw it into the sea.
Definitions
celebrity = a famous person , especially an actor or entertainer
civil servant = someone who works in the civil service(for a government department)
correspondent = someone whose job is to report news from a distant place or write about a particular subject.
economic depression = a long period when there is not a lot of business activity.
diver = someone who swims under water with breathing equipment
force = to make someone do something they do not want to do
pearl = a valuable small white round object that forms inside an oyster and is used in jewellery
publicity = attention that someone or something gets from newspapers , TV , etc.
cave = a large natural hole in the side of a cliff or under the ground.
greed = when you want to have more money , food , power etc than you need.
scorpion = a creature like a large insect with a curved tail that has a poisonous sting.
throw away = to get rid of something that you do not want or need.
merchant = someone who buys and sells large quantities of food.
stung = the past participle of the verb "sting". If an insect, animal or plant stings you, it hurts you by putting poison into your skin
treat = to give someone medical treatment for an illness or injury
Language Notes
Think of = think about يفكر في / عند السؤال عن الرأي
I'm thinking of / about buying a new car.
What do you think of / about this shirt?
Think of يتذكر / يراعى الآخرين
I can't think of her name now.
You should think of other people.
inquire / enquire (about) = ask for information يستفسر require = need يتطلب / يحتاج
He enquired about the price of tickets.
Please telephone this number if you require any further information.
receipt إيصال الشراء bill فاتورة (كهرباء / مياه / تليفون / مطعم)
Make sure you are given a receipt for everything you buy.
They asked the waitress for the bill.
لاحظ استخدام التعبيرات الآتية مع فعل
tell
tell a story tell يحكى قصة
the difference يبين الفرق أو الاختلاف
tell the truth يقول الحقيقة
tell the time يخبر بالوقت
tell a joke يروي نكتة
tell a secret يُفشي سر
tell a lie يكذب
tell someone off يوبخ
tell fortunes يتنبأ بما سيحدث لشخص
لاحظ استخدام التعبيرات الآتية مع كلمة
time
opening time
closing time
arrival time
departure timeوقت المغادرة
free time = spare time
time's up انتهي الوقت المحدد
at times = sometimes = from time to time أحيانا
time after time = time and time again
at all times = always at the time في ذلك الوقت
take your time تمهل / لا تتسرع
in no time بأسرع وقت
once upon a time ذات مرة - كان يا مكان
a matter of time مسألة وقت
يمكن استخدام الأسئلة الآتية عند السؤال عن الوقت
What time is it?
What's the time?
Do you have the time?
Have you got the time?
What time do you have?
What time do you make it?
لاحظ الجملة الآتية
Watching TV for two hours, I went to bed.
= After I had watched TV for two hours, I went to bed.
Exercises on Vocabulary and Language Notes:
Choose the correct answer:
1- Today's newspaper has a very interesting report from one of their (accountants – correspondents – engineers – carpenters) in India.
2- My grandmother's beautiful (pearl – plastic – wooden - woolen) necklace was a wedding present from her uncle. It cost him a lot of money.
3- Police are looking for the missing car. (Drivers – Observers – Believers - Divers) have been searching the river all day.
4- A well-known TV (security – authority – celebrity - charity) is opening a new supermarket in our town tomorrow.
5- People lost their jobs and businesses closed during that year's terrible (depression – decision – delusion - discussion).
6- I'd like to help my country by working as a civil (singer – musician – doctor – servant).
7- Being (sung – rung – stung - hung) by an insect is very painful.
8- That shopkeeper is always great to (do – make – take – put) business with.
9- My friend (saved – prevented - persuaded - made) me to go swimming, even though I felt ill.
10- You should be careful when you (drive – live – dive - hive) into water if you don't know how deep it is.
11- Although people are frightened of them, (scorpions – Cows – Flies - Ducks) don't kill many human beings.
12- I (took – made – threw – flew) away the newspaper this morning. I didn't know you hadn't read it.
13- With a little (dissuasion – persuasion – invasion - deprivation), he has agreed to meet tomorrow evening.
14- My sister can be very (excessive – passive – persuasive - obsessive). She usually gets what she wants.
15- Don't be so (bloody – moody – sandy - greedy). You've eaten enough.
16- What's the best (agreement – elimination – treatment – development) for a headache?
17- They gave a (stinging – singing – banging - ringing) report about the company's problems.
18- A (hall – hole – cave – tunnel) is a large natural hole in the side of a cliff or under the ground.
19- A (greedy – speedy – weary - angry) man usually wants to have more money, food, power etc than he needs.
20- A (scorpion - scooter – scope - score) has a poisonous sting.
21- A (diamond – stone – pearl - necklace) is a valuable small white round object that forms inside an oyster and is used in jewellery.
22- To (deprive – force – imitate - bring) is to make someone do something they do not want to do.
23- A (calamity – causality – capacity - celebrity) is a famous person, especially an actor or entertainer.
24- A (social – civilized - civil – devil) servant is someone who works in the civil service or a government department.
25- A (presenter – correspondent – interviewer - manager) is someone whose job is to report news from a distant place or write about a particular subject.
26- A (shopper – shopkeeper – merchant - salesperson) is someone who buys and sells large quantities of food.
27- Most wild animals won't (attract – block – check – attack) unless they are provoked.
28- I shouldn't have (thrown – done – brought – taken) away the receipt. I need it to return this shirt.
29- Doctors are (beating – heating – treating – sending) him for cancer.
30- Henry was (hanged - stung – tricked – cheated) by a bee at the picnic.
31- After this accident, it will be difficult for the government to (persuade – congratulate – concentrate – compensate) people that nuclear power stations are safe.
32- We do (industry – shops - business – sales) with a number of Italian companies.
33- Don't be so (greedy – gassy – glassy – granny)! Leave some cake for everyone else.
34- He became a national (festival – feast - celebrity – liberty) after winning the contest.
35- Martin Bell worked for many years as the BBC's war (caricaturist –correspondent – cartoonist – colonist), covering conflicts all over the world.
36- William blamed his financial difficulties on the worldwide (compression – admission – concession – depression).
37- The submarine (derived – dived - approved – involved) just in time to avoid the enemy attack.
38- He noticed she was wearing a string of (rocks – dust – pearls – peels) about her neck.
39- It had taken a great deal of (persuasion – prevention – invention – intention) to get him to accept.
40- You don't really want more ice cream - it's just (seed – breed – greed – bleed).
Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- Doctors are trying out a new tournament for depression.
2- He made a sponging attack on government policy.
3- Ali's argument was preservative, but the managers still turned down his proposal.
4- After he had been beaten by the scorpion, he was taken to the local doctor.
5- Douglas was seated with much more respect after his promotion.
6- He went driving and found an enormous pearl.
7- When other people heard about the valuable peel, they planned to steal it.
8- I don’t need that—you can throw it on.
9- Being needy does not always solve people's problems.
10- I've been corrupting with several experts in the field.
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