Grammar unit 17
Verb + object + to-inf.
advise
Ali's father advised his son to work harder.
ask
The teacher asked Mahmoud to read his essay to the class.
encourage
My mother always encourages me to bring friends home.
expect
What do you expect me to do?
force
The bad weather forced people to stay at home all day.
help
Can you help me to carry the shopping upstairs, please?
instruct
The policeman instructed people not to drive so fast.
invite
We invited our neighbours to have tea with us.
order
The officer ordered the soldiers to attack.
teach
My mother taught me to write carefully.
allow
He allowed me to use his computer.
beg يتوسل
She begged him to give her the money.
challenge يتحدي
I challenge Dr. Carver to deny his involvement!
choose
They chose him to do the job.
command يأمر
The officer commanded his men to shoot.
hire
I hired someone to fix the roof.
would like
I'd like you to buy some stamps for me.
motivate يحفز
We should motivate people to learn new skills.
permit يسمح
The security system will not permit you to enter without the correct password.
persuade
I persuaded him to lend me the money.
promise
I promised them to do the job well.
remind يُذكر
I reminded him to buy the newspaper.
require يتطلب
You are required by law to wear a seat belt.
urge يحث
I got an e-mail from him urging me to get in touch.
tell
I told him to leave at once.
want
I want you to sign this cheque.
في حالة وجود that
وبعدها فاعل بعد التعبيرات والأفعال الآتية
نستخدم inf. أو should + inf.
suggest / insist / recommend / It is essential / It is important / It is necessary (that)
I suggested (that) he come with me.
I suggested that he should come with me.
It is necessary that she should talk to me when she gets here.
It is essential that every child should have the same educational opportunities.
Noun + Preposition
addiction to إدمان , belief in اعتقاد , dedication to تفاني ,devotion to إخلاص/تكريس
anxiety about قلق , credit for شرف / فخر , delay in , advantage of
disadvantage of , fondness for ولع بـ , interest in , love of
fear of , habit of , knowledge of , memory of ذكري , preference for تفضيل
reaction to رد فعل , regret for , reputation for سمعة , process of عملية
reason for , report on , responsibility for , story about , talent for موهبة
experience in , increase in , decrease in , decline in انخفاض , cause of
Adjective + Preposition
accustomed to معتاد , content with قانع , frightened of خائف , remembered for
addicted to مدمن , dedicated to متفاني , guilty of مذنب , responsible for
afraid of , devoted to مكرس , happy about , scared of خائف , tired of
anxious about قَلِق , disappointed with , interested in , terrified of مرعوب
bored of , discouraged by , involved in متورط , prevent from يمنع من
capable of , excited about , known for , worried about , fond of مغرم
committed to ملتزم , famous for , opposed to معارض , proud of
concerned about قلق
Verb + Preposition
find out about يعرف عن , wonder about , يتساءل بشأن , differ from يختلف عن
tell someone about يخبر شخص عن , complain to يشكو لشخص , die of يموت بسبب
think about / of يفكر في , belong to يخص , apply to يتقدم بطلب لشخص أو شركة
dream about/of يحلم بـ , hear about / of يسمع عن , object to يعترض علي
complain about يشكو من , result from ينتج من , warn about يحذر من
know about يعرف عن , congratulate on بهنيء بـ , search for يبحث عن
talk about يتحدث عن , accuse of يتهم بـ , result in يؤدي الي , work for يعمل لدي
read about يقرأ عن , consist of يتكون من , hope for يأمل في , believe in يؤمن بـ
apologise to someone for يعتذر لشخص عن شيء , succeed in ينجح في
blame .. for يلوم علي , help in/with يساعد في , do without يستغني عن
apply for (a job) يتقدم بطلب لوظيفة , deal with يتناول / يتعامل مع
hear from يتلقي أخبارا من , charge with يتهم بـ , recover from يشفي من
protect ..from / against يحمي من , rely on = depend on يعتمد علي
suffer from يعاني من , concentrate on يركز علي
في حالة وجود فعل بعد
know / show نستخدم how to + inf.
I don't know how to use the computer.
في حالة وجود فعل بعد
what / how / where نستخدم to + inf.
I don't know where to put these books.
I have no idea where to look for my lost bag.
لاحظ ما يلي
It + be + Adj. + to + inf.
It is difficult (for him) to study Physics.
It was easy for me to do the job.
في حالة وجود فعل بعد الصفات التالية نستخدم
to + inf.
happy / sad / glad / willing / unwilling / eager / pleased / lucky / relieved / amazed / astonished
He was not happy to see me.
الأفعال الآتية يستخدم بعدها المصدر ليدل علي أننا شاهدنا أو سمعنا الحدث بالكامل ويأتي بعدها الفعل مضافا له ing ليدل علي أننا سمعنا أو شاهدنا جزء من الحدث
hear and see
hear + inf. يسمع الحدث بالكامل
hear + ving يسمع جزء من الحدث
see + inf. يرى الحدث بالكامل
see + ving يرى جزء من الحدث
I heard Peter sing a song. = I heard the whole song. سمعت الحدث بالكامل
I heard Peter singing a song. = I heard part of the song. سمعت جزء من الحدث
لاحظ استخدام to + inf.
بعد الكلمات the first / the second .. / the last / the next
Gagarin was the first to fly in a spaceship..
Mona was the last to watch the film.
يُستخدم المصدر بدون
to بعد الأفعال الناقصة
can / could / may / might / must / mustn't / needn't / shall / Should / will / would
They needn't do the job today.
She can speak 3 languages.
الفعل help
يأتي بعده المصدر مع
to أو بدون to
He helped me do the job. He helped me to do the job.
الأفعال الآتية يـأتـي بعـــدها
ing في حالة عدم وجود مفعول
to + inf. في حالة وجود مفعول
permit يسمح , forbid يمنع , advise ينصح , encourage يشجع , recommend يوصي بـ , allow يسمح
They do not permit parking here.
They do not allow anyone to park here.
الروابط الدالة على الغرض
so that لكي , in order that , in the hope that + subjet + can / may / will + inf. في حالة المضارع
+could / might / would + inf. في حالة الماضي
لاحظ حذف الأفعال want / desire / intend عند استخدام so that
Students go to school. They want to learn.
Students go to school so that they can learn.
He opened the door. He wanted to see who was outside.
He opened the door so that he could see who was outside.
يمكن إستخدام الروابط التالية
بدلا من so that
In order to / to / so as to + inf.
With a view to / with the aim of / in the hope of + ing.
She went to the bank in order to get some money.
We bought the cottage with a view to settling down there after retirement.
We came to the island in the hope of finding a simpler way of life.
في حالة تحويل الفعل إلى اسم يتحول الحال إلى صفة
v . + adv.
adj. + n.
He ran quickly. He was a quick runner.
He learns slowly. He is a slow learner.
لاحظ أن معظم الصفات تتحول إلي حال بإضافة
ly
continuous مستمر continuously
remarkable ملحوظ remarkably
fluent fluently بطلاقــة
هناك حالات شاذة مثل
fast – hard – late (adj. & adv.) تستخدم صفة وحال
weekly أسبوعيا– yearly – monthly – daily يوميا – early (adj. & adv.) صفة وحال
good (adj.) >>>> well (adv.)
There was a sudden change in the weather.
The weather changed suddenly.
The temperature rose gradually.
There was a gradual rise in the temperature.
لاحظ أنه في حالة وجود فعل نريد تحويله إلى اسم نستخدم فعل آخر مكانه حسب زمن الجملة
Accidents have increased on this road.
There has been an increase in accidents on this road.
The production of oil will decline soon.
There will be a decline in the production of oil soon.,
Verb + object + to-inf.
advise
Ali's father advised his son to work harder.
ask
The teacher asked Mahmoud to read his essay to the class.
encourage
My mother always encourages me to bring friends home.
expect
What do you expect me to do?
force
The bad weather forced people to stay at home all day.
help
Can you help me to carry the shopping upstairs, please?
instruct
The policeman instructed people not to drive so fast.
invite
We invited our neighbours to have tea with us.
order
The officer ordered the soldiers to attack.
teach
My mother taught me to write carefully.
allow
He allowed me to use his computer.
beg يتوسل
She begged him to give her the money.
challenge يتحدي
I challenge Dr. Carver to deny his involvement!
choose
They chose him to do the job.
command يأمر
The officer commanded his men to shoot.
hire
I hired someone to fix the roof.
would like
I'd like you to buy some stamps for me.
motivate يحفز
We should motivate people to learn new skills.
permit يسمح
The security system will not permit you to enter without the correct password.
persuade
I persuaded him to lend me the money.
promise
I promised them to do the job well.
remind يُذكر
I reminded him to buy the newspaper.
require يتطلب
You are required by law to wear a seat belt.
urge يحث
I got an e-mail from him urging me to get in touch.
tell
I told him to leave at once.
want
I want you to sign this cheque.
في حالة وجود that
وبعدها فاعل بعد التعبيرات والأفعال الآتية
نستخدم inf. أو should + inf.
suggest / insist / recommend / It is essential / It is important / It is necessary (that)
I suggested (that) he come with me.
I suggested that he should come with me.
It is necessary that she should talk to me when she gets here.
It is essential that every child should have the same educational opportunities.
Noun + Preposition
addiction to إدمان , belief in اعتقاد , dedication to تفاني ,devotion to إخلاص/تكريس
anxiety about قلق , credit for شرف / فخر , delay in , advantage of
disadvantage of , fondness for ولع بـ , interest in , love of
fear of , habit of , knowledge of , memory of ذكري , preference for تفضيل
reaction to رد فعل , regret for , reputation for سمعة , process of عملية
reason for , report on , responsibility for , story about , talent for موهبة
experience in , increase in , decrease in , decline in انخفاض , cause of
Adjective + Preposition
accustomed to معتاد , content with قانع , frightened of خائف , remembered for
addicted to مدمن , dedicated to متفاني , guilty of مذنب , responsible for
afraid of , devoted to مكرس , happy about , scared of خائف , tired of
anxious about قَلِق , disappointed with , interested in , terrified of مرعوب
bored of , discouraged by , involved in متورط , prevent from يمنع من
capable of , excited about , known for , worried about , fond of مغرم
committed to ملتزم , famous for , opposed to معارض , proud of
concerned about قلق
Verb + Preposition
find out about يعرف عن , wonder about , يتساءل بشأن , differ from يختلف عن
tell someone about يخبر شخص عن , complain to يشكو لشخص , die of يموت بسبب
think about / of يفكر في , belong to يخص , apply to يتقدم بطلب لشخص أو شركة
dream about/of يحلم بـ , hear about / of يسمع عن , object to يعترض علي
complain about يشكو من , result from ينتج من , warn about يحذر من
know about يعرف عن , congratulate on بهنيء بـ , search for يبحث عن
talk about يتحدث عن , accuse of يتهم بـ , result in يؤدي الي , work for يعمل لدي
read about يقرأ عن , consist of يتكون من , hope for يأمل في , believe in يؤمن بـ
apologise to someone for يعتذر لشخص عن شيء , succeed in ينجح في
blame .. for يلوم علي , help in/with يساعد في , do without يستغني عن
apply for (a job) يتقدم بطلب لوظيفة , deal with يتناول / يتعامل مع
hear from يتلقي أخبارا من , charge with يتهم بـ , recover from يشفي من
protect ..from / against يحمي من , rely on = depend on يعتمد علي
suffer from يعاني من , concentrate on يركز علي
في حالة وجود فعل بعد
know / show نستخدم how to + inf.
I don't know how to use the computer.
في حالة وجود فعل بعد
what / how / where نستخدم to + inf.
I don't know where to put these books.
I have no idea where to look for my lost bag.
لاحظ ما يلي
It + be + Adj. + to + inf.
It is difficult (for him) to study Physics.
It was easy for me to do the job.
في حالة وجود فعل بعد الصفات التالية نستخدم
to + inf.
happy / sad / glad / willing / unwilling / eager / pleased / lucky / relieved / amazed / astonished
He was not happy to see me.
الأفعال الآتية يستخدم بعدها المصدر ليدل علي أننا شاهدنا أو سمعنا الحدث بالكامل ويأتي بعدها الفعل مضافا له ing ليدل علي أننا سمعنا أو شاهدنا جزء من الحدث
hear and see
hear + inf. يسمع الحدث بالكامل
hear + ving يسمع جزء من الحدث
see + inf. يرى الحدث بالكامل
see + ving يرى جزء من الحدث
I heard Peter sing a song. = I heard the whole song. سمعت الحدث بالكامل
I heard Peter singing a song. = I heard part of the song. سمعت جزء من الحدث
لاحظ استخدام to + inf.
بعد الكلمات the first / the second .. / the last / the next
Gagarin was the first to fly in a spaceship..
Mona was the last to watch the film.
يُستخدم المصدر بدون
to بعد الأفعال الناقصة
can / could / may / might / must / mustn't / needn't / shall / Should / will / would
They needn't do the job today.
She can speak 3 languages.
الفعل help
يأتي بعده المصدر مع
to أو بدون to
He helped me do the job. He helped me to do the job.
الأفعال الآتية يـأتـي بعـــدها
ing في حالة عدم وجود مفعول
to + inf. في حالة وجود مفعول
permit يسمح , forbid يمنع , advise ينصح , encourage يشجع , recommend يوصي بـ , allow يسمح
They do not permit parking here.
They do not allow anyone to park here.
الروابط الدالة على الغرض
so that لكي , in order that , in the hope that + subjet + can / may / will + inf. في حالة المضارع
+could / might / would + inf. في حالة الماضي
لاحظ حذف الأفعال want / desire / intend عند استخدام so that
Students go to school. They want to learn.
Students go to school so that they can learn.
He opened the door. He wanted to see who was outside.
He opened the door so that he could see who was outside.
يمكن إستخدام الروابط التالية
بدلا من so that
In order to / to / so as to + inf.
With a view to / with the aim of / in the hope of + ing.
She went to the bank in order to get some money.
We bought the cottage with a view to settling down there after retirement.
We came to the island in the hope of finding a simpler way of life.
في حالة تحويل الفعل إلى اسم يتحول الحال إلى صفة
v . + adv.
adj. + n.
He ran quickly. He was a quick runner.
He learns slowly. He is a slow learner.
لاحظ أن معظم الصفات تتحول إلي حال بإضافة
ly
continuous مستمر continuously
remarkable ملحوظ remarkably
fluent fluently بطلاقــة
هناك حالات شاذة مثل
fast – hard – late (adj. & adv.) تستخدم صفة وحال
weekly أسبوعيا– yearly – monthly – daily يوميا – early (adj. & adv.) صفة وحال
good (adj.) >>>> well (adv.)
There was a sudden change in the weather.
The weather changed suddenly.
The temperature rose gradually.
There was a gradual rise in the temperature.
لاحظ أنه في حالة وجود فعل نريد تحويله إلى اسم نستخدم فعل آخر مكانه حسب زمن الجملة
Accidents have increased on this road.
There has been an increase in accidents on this road.
The production of oil will decline soon.
There will be a decline in the production of oil soon.,
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