 |
| Dr Aisha Abd El-Rahman |
 |
| Amy Johnson |
| Florence Nightingale |
UNIT 13 - Women in History
Vocabulary
argue for يجادل لصالح
check يفحص / يراجع
encourage يشجع
inspector مفتش
personal شخصي
positive ايجابي
role دور
be in charge of مسئول عن
effective فعال / مؤثر
impress يؤثر في
impression انطباع
impressive مؤثر / مبهر
licence رخصة
nursing التمريض
solo منفرد / عمل منفرد
literary أدبي
paramedic مسعف
ruler حاكم
course of treatment الجرعات اللازمة للعلاج
president رئيس
prime minister رئيس الوزراء
minister وزير
antiseptic مُطهر
wounded soldiers جنود جرحي
open a school يفتتح مدرسة
a solo flight رحلة طيران منفردة
the Pacific Ocean المحيط الهادي
the Second World War الحرب العالمية الثانية
a plane crash حادث تحطم طائرة
nursing school مدرسة للتمريض
nursery school حضانة
hygiene النظافة الشخصية
sanitation الصحة العامة
admire يُعجب بـ
admiration إعجاب
questionnaire استطلاع رأي / استبيان
occupation المهنة أو الوظيفة
qualities صفات
standard مستوي
physical fitness اللياقة البدنية
document مستند
the Crimean War حرب القرم
religious matters مسائل دينية
political matters مسائل سياسية
persuade يقنع
confident واثق
degree درجة / شهادة علمية
Vocabulary
argue for يجادل لصالح
check يفحص / يراجع
encourage يشجع
inspector مفتش
personal شخصي
positive ايجابي
role دور
be in charge of مسئول عن
effective فعال / مؤثر
impress يؤثر في
impression انطباع
impressive مؤثر / مبهر
licence رخصة
nursing التمريض
solo منفرد / عمل منفرد
literary أدبي
paramedic مسعف
ruler حاكم
course of treatment الجرعات اللازمة للعلاج
president رئيس
prime minister رئيس الوزراء
minister وزير
antiseptic مُطهر
wounded soldiers جنود جرحي
open a school يفتتح مدرسة
a solo flight رحلة طيران منفردة
the Pacific Ocean المحيط الهادي
the Second World War الحرب العالمية الثانية
a plane crash حادث تحطم طائرة
nursing school مدرسة للتمريض
nursery school حضانة
hygiene النظافة الشخصية
sanitation الصحة العامة
admire يُعجب بـ
admiration إعجاب
questionnaire استطلاع رأي / استبيان
occupation المهنة أو الوظيفة
qualities صفات
standard مستوي
physical fitness اللياقة البدنية
document مستند
the Crimean War حرب القرم
religious matters مسائل دينية
political matters مسائل سياسية
persuade يقنع
confident واثق
degree درجة / شهادة علمية
join the university staff ينضم لهيئة التدريس بالجامعة
a research assistant باحث مساعد
alternative بديل
zone منطقة
compassion حُنو / شفقة
social worker أخصائي اجتماعي
poor lighting إضاءة ضعيفة
overcrowded مزدحم / مكتظ
technical equipment معدات أو أجهزة فنية
imitate يُقلد
effective drugs عقاقير فعالة
vaccine مصل / لقاح
vaccination التلقيح ضد الأمراض
coordinator مُنسق
women's rights حقوق المرأة
Prepositions and Expressions:
take up much of her personal life تشغل جزءاَ كبيرا من حياتها الشخصية
play a positive role in يلعب دور ايجابي في
popular with مشهور لدي / محبوب من
was born into a wealthy family وُلِد في أسرة ثرية
grow up ينشأ / يكبر
work in a hospital يعمل في مستشفي
the first of its kind الأولي من نوعها
break the world record يحطم الرقم القياسي العالمي
miss the record يفشل في تحطيم الرقم القياسي
look after = take care of يعتني بـ
be determined to مصمم علي
have a degree in Maths لديه درجة علمية في الرياضيات
write under a pen name يكتب باستخدام اسم مستعار
be associated with مرتبط بـ
fly over long distances يطير لمسافات بعيدة
lose her life تفقد حياتها
to start with كبداية
to sum up باختصار
be awarded a degree يُمنح درجة علمية
Words that go together
admission charge رسم الدخول
personal cleanliness النظافة الشخصية
a convincing argument حجة مقنعة
assess the situation يُقيم الموقف
introduce new ideas يقدم أفكارا جديدة
obey the rules يُطيع القواعد
strength of character قوة الشخصية
to an unprecedented degree بدرجة غي مسبوقة
in varying degrees بدرجات متفاوتة
master's degree درجة الماجستير
personal commitment التزام شخصي
a positive attitude موقف ايجابى
a pivotal role دور حيوي أو أساسي
downplay the role of يُقلل من أهمية دور ..
impressive achievement انجاز باهر
a suitable opportunity فرصة مناسبة
hold a driving licence يحمل رخصة قيادة
spectacular success نجاح مذهل
a constructive dialogue حوار بناء
a campaign against حملة ضد
anti-social behaviour سلوك معادي للمجتمع
Read the following passage carefully:
Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale was born in 1820 into a wealthy family in Italy, but grew up and went to school in England. When she was 17, she decided that she wanted to be a nurse, although her family did not think that this was a suitable job for their young daughter. However, Florence's work in a London hospital was so effective that the British government asked her to be in charge of the nursing of wounded soldiers abroad. After working in Europe, she returned to England and opened the Nightingale School of Nursing in London, the first school of this kind.
The Queen of the Air
Amy Johnson was from the north of England and first became interested in flying while she was working as a secretary in London. In 1929, she was awarded her pilot's licence and a year later tried to break the record for a solo flight from Britain to Australia. She flew alone from London to Darwin in a small plane. This took 19 days and she stopped many times in Europe, Asia and on islands in the Pacific Ocean. Although Amy missed the record by just three days, she became very popular with the British people, who called her the Queen of the Air. Amy Johnson made many other long-distance flights, and in 1936 broke the record for a solo flight from London to South Africa. She also flew planes for the British army during the Second World War, and was killed in a plane crash in 1941.
Language Notes
teach يُلِم / يُدرِس learn يتعلم
She taught English to foreign students.
I'm learning to play the piano.
argue for / in favour of يقدم حجة لصالح / يؤيد argue against يقدم الحجة ضد / يعارض
He argued strongly for the proposal.
They argued against the new tax.
decide to + inf.يقرر decide that + يقرر أن decide on + n يختار
They decided to sell their old house.
He decided that he would look for another job..
We've decided on Paris for our next holiday.
train (somebody) in something يُدرب علي train (somebody) to + inf. يُدرب لكي
train for + n يتدرب من أجل train to be / as + job يتدرب كـ (وظيفة)
All staff will be trained in customer service skills.
Employees are trained to deal with emergency situations.
Brenda spends two hours a day training for the marathon.
She's training to be a doctor.
For this reason, … ولهذا السبب
He was so ill. For this reason, he didn't go to work.
between بين اثنين she sat between her parents.
among بين أكثر من اثنين This mountain is among the highest in the world.
On (his) own وحيد / بمفرده of (his) own تدل علي الملكية
I've been living on my own for four years now.
I'd like to have a place of my own.
Exercises on Vocabulary and Language Notes:
Choose the correct answer:
1- My older brother has a (decree – degree – licence - permission) in Maths from Cairo University.
2- Exercise can have a (positive – negative – captive - conductive) effect on your health and fitness.
3- Nurses have an important (row – rule – role - rate) in looking after patients in a hospital.
4- My parents have always (disappointed – depressed – discouraged - encouraged) me to work hard at school.
5- I'd prefer not to talk about that. It's something very (personal – public – famous - physical).
6- I found university work very difficult, but my friends were always very (judging – avenging – encouraging - managing).
7- It was a great football match. Both teams played very (negatively – positively – aggressively – cowardly).
8- She would be a good nurse. She has a very kind (abnormality – artificiality - personality – brutality) .
9- Your grades are (impress – impressive – impression - impressed), Jena.
10- To be in (charge – average – bandage - besiege) of is to be responsible for or in control of something.
11- Something which is (defective – reflective – effective - attractive) produces the right result.
12- A/An (licence – essence – absence - acceptance) is a document that gives permission to do something.
13- (Accounting – Injecting – Nursing - Hospitalizing) is a job of looking after people who are ill.
14- (Lonely – Only – Sauna - Solo) means done on your own, without help from another person.
15- If something is (recordable – suitable – achievable – readable), it is right in a particular situation.
16- Several companies have been (prevented – collapsed – licensed - banned) to sell these products.
17- The company denies that it has (praised – placed – rose - practised) discrimination against any of its employees.
18- The doctor (advised – devised – blamed - praised) him against smoking.
19- A (cruise – tour – voyage - flight) is a journey by air.
20- The radiation leak has had a disastrous (affect – infect – effect - dialect) on the environment.
21-It's an extremely (addictive – effective – adjective - collective) cure for a headache. It has no side effects.
22- The poor bird couldn't (fly – try – cry - dry) because it had a broken wing.
23- There's no doubt about Christine's (curability – disability – suitability - hospitality) for the job. She is very efficient.
24- To (bargain – challenge – review – argue) for is to clearly explain why you think something is true or should be done
25- A/An (collector – inspector – conductor - investigator) is someone whose job is to check that something is of a good enough standard and that rules are being obeyed
26- A (duty – responsibility – role - charge) is the position that someone has in a situation or activity
27- A (degree – referee – guarantee - retiree) is the qualification given to someone who has successfully finished a university course
28- Something which is (interesting – amusing – positive - legal) has a good or useful effect
29- To (engage – encourage – manage - package) is to try to persuade someone to do something, especially by making them more confident
30- (Additional – Conditional – Constitutional - Personal) means involving someone's private life, their feelings, health and relationships
31- As well as writing books on (social – sociable - society – variety) and culture, she also wrote poems.
32- Dr. Aisha Abd El-Rahman helped to improve women's (composition – disposition – depression - position) in society.
33- Her mother (discouraged – encouraged – managed - bandaged) her to get a good education.
34- She was (awarded - got – gave – rewarded) her degree in 1939.
35- He joined the university (stiff – staff – stuff - crew) as a research assistant.
36- She was employed as a government (actor – ambassador – inspector – ancestor) for the teaching of Arabic literature.
37- Her work (took up – took off – took down – took to) much of her personal life.
38- Her great work is still (appeared – applied - appreciated – appointed) today.
39- She taught at many universities across the Arab (village – town – city – world).
40- She (spent – left – went – did) her life doing the things she was most interested in.
Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- I tried taking tablets for the headache but they didn't have any affection.
2- Applicants must have a degrade in Engineering.
3- Children need lots of disappointment when they're learning new things.
4- The abductor reported that 20% of school children were unable to read or write.
5- The rural environment was having a possessive effect on the children's health.
6- Parents play an important reel in their child's learning.
7- She took full arsenal responsibility for all the arrangements.
8- Who will be in change of the department when Sophie retires?
9- Antibiotics are only deductive if you finish the whole course of treatment.
10- Many people have trouble sleeping after a long bright.
11- He borrowed his father's car to depress his friends.
12- He was arrested for driving without a degree.
13- The first solar flight across the Atlantic took place many years ago.
14- The house is not really syllable for a large family.
15- I broke the vase during an armament with m
a research assistant باحث مساعد
alternative بديل
zone منطقة
compassion حُنو / شفقة
social worker أخصائي اجتماعي
poor lighting إضاءة ضعيفة
overcrowded مزدحم / مكتظ
technical equipment معدات أو أجهزة فنية
imitate يُقلد
effective drugs عقاقير فعالة
vaccine مصل / لقاح
vaccination التلقيح ضد الأمراض
coordinator مُنسق
women's rights حقوق المرأة
Prepositions and Expressions:
take up much of her personal life تشغل جزءاَ كبيرا من حياتها الشخصية
play a positive role in يلعب دور ايجابي في
popular with مشهور لدي / محبوب من
was born into a wealthy family وُلِد في أسرة ثرية
grow up ينشأ / يكبر
work in a hospital يعمل في مستشفي
the first of its kind الأولي من نوعها
break the world record يحطم الرقم القياسي العالمي
miss the record يفشل في تحطيم الرقم القياسي
look after = take care of يعتني بـ
be determined to مصمم علي
have a degree in Maths لديه درجة علمية في الرياضيات
write under a pen name يكتب باستخدام اسم مستعار
be associated with مرتبط بـ
fly over long distances يطير لمسافات بعيدة
lose her life تفقد حياتها
to start with كبداية
to sum up باختصار
be awarded a degree يُمنح درجة علمية
Words that go together
admission charge رسم الدخول
personal cleanliness النظافة الشخصية
a convincing argument حجة مقنعة
assess the situation يُقيم الموقف
introduce new ideas يقدم أفكارا جديدة
obey the rules يُطيع القواعد
strength of character قوة الشخصية
to an unprecedented degree بدرجة غي مسبوقة
in varying degrees بدرجات متفاوتة
master's degree درجة الماجستير
personal commitment التزام شخصي
a positive attitude موقف ايجابى
a pivotal role دور حيوي أو أساسي
downplay the role of يُقلل من أهمية دور ..
impressive achievement انجاز باهر
a suitable opportunity فرصة مناسبة
hold a driving licence يحمل رخصة قيادة
spectacular success نجاح مذهل
a constructive dialogue حوار بناء
a campaign against حملة ضد
anti-social behaviour سلوك معادي للمجتمع
Read the following passage carefully:
Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale was born in 1820 into a wealthy family in Italy, but grew up and went to school in England. When she was 17, she decided that she wanted to be a nurse, although her family did not think that this was a suitable job for their young daughter. However, Florence's work in a London hospital was so effective that the British government asked her to be in charge of the nursing of wounded soldiers abroad. After working in Europe, she returned to England and opened the Nightingale School of Nursing in London, the first school of this kind.
The Queen of the Air
Amy Johnson was from the north of England and first became interested in flying while she was working as a secretary in London. In 1929, she was awarded her pilot's licence and a year later tried to break the record for a solo flight from Britain to Australia. She flew alone from London to Darwin in a small plane. This took 19 days and she stopped many times in Europe, Asia and on islands in the Pacific Ocean. Although Amy missed the record by just three days, she became very popular with the British people, who called her the Queen of the Air. Amy Johnson made many other long-distance flights, and in 1936 broke the record for a solo flight from London to South Africa. She also flew planes for the British army during the Second World War, and was killed in a plane crash in 1941.
Language Notes
teach يُلِم / يُدرِس learn يتعلم
She taught English to foreign students.
I'm learning to play the piano.
argue for / in favour of يقدم حجة لصالح / يؤيد argue against يقدم الحجة ضد / يعارض
He argued strongly for the proposal.
They argued against the new tax.
decide to + inf.يقرر decide that + يقرر أن decide on + n يختار
They decided to sell their old house.
He decided that he would look for another job..
We've decided on Paris for our next holiday.
train (somebody) in something يُدرب علي train (somebody) to + inf. يُدرب لكي
train for + n يتدرب من أجل train to be / as + job يتدرب كـ (وظيفة)
All staff will be trained in customer service skills.
Employees are trained to deal with emergency situations.
Brenda spends two hours a day training for the marathon.
She's training to be a doctor.
For this reason, … ولهذا السبب
He was so ill. For this reason, he didn't go to work.
between بين اثنين she sat between her parents.
among بين أكثر من اثنين This mountain is among the highest in the world.
On (his) own وحيد / بمفرده of (his) own تدل علي الملكية
I've been living on my own for four years now.
I'd like to have a place of my own.
Exercises on Vocabulary and Language Notes:
Choose the correct answer:
1- My older brother has a (decree – degree – licence - permission) in Maths from Cairo University.
2- Exercise can have a (positive – negative – captive - conductive) effect on your health and fitness.
3- Nurses have an important (row – rule – role - rate) in looking after patients in a hospital.
4- My parents have always (disappointed – depressed – discouraged - encouraged) me to work hard at school.
5- I'd prefer not to talk about that. It's something very (personal – public – famous - physical).
6- I found university work very difficult, but my friends were always very (judging – avenging – encouraging - managing).
7- It was a great football match. Both teams played very (negatively – positively – aggressively – cowardly).
8- She would be a good nurse. She has a very kind (abnormality – artificiality - personality – brutality) .
9- Your grades are (impress – impressive – impression - impressed), Jena.
10- To be in (charge – average – bandage - besiege) of is to be responsible for or in control of something.
11- Something which is (defective – reflective – effective - attractive) produces the right result.
12- A/An (licence – essence – absence - acceptance) is a document that gives permission to do something.
13- (Accounting – Injecting – Nursing - Hospitalizing) is a job of looking after people who are ill.
14- (Lonely – Only – Sauna - Solo) means done on your own, without help from another person.
15- If something is (recordable – suitable – achievable – readable), it is right in a particular situation.
16- Several companies have been (prevented – collapsed – licensed - banned) to sell these products.
17- The company denies that it has (praised – placed – rose - practised) discrimination against any of its employees.
18- The doctor (advised – devised – blamed - praised) him against smoking.
19- A (cruise – tour – voyage - flight) is a journey by air.
20- The radiation leak has had a disastrous (affect – infect – effect - dialect) on the environment.
21-It's an extremely (addictive – effective – adjective - collective) cure for a headache. It has no side effects.
22- The poor bird couldn't (fly – try – cry - dry) because it had a broken wing.
23- There's no doubt about Christine's (curability – disability – suitability - hospitality) for the job. She is very efficient.
24- To (bargain – challenge – review – argue) for is to clearly explain why you think something is true or should be done
25- A/An (collector – inspector – conductor - investigator) is someone whose job is to check that something is of a good enough standard and that rules are being obeyed
26- A (duty – responsibility – role - charge) is the position that someone has in a situation or activity
27- A (degree – referee – guarantee - retiree) is the qualification given to someone who has successfully finished a university course
28- Something which is (interesting – amusing – positive - legal) has a good or useful effect
29- To (engage – encourage – manage - package) is to try to persuade someone to do something, especially by making them more confident
30- (Additional – Conditional – Constitutional - Personal) means involving someone's private life, their feelings, health and relationships
31- As well as writing books on (social – sociable - society – variety) and culture, she also wrote poems.
32- Dr. Aisha Abd El-Rahman helped to improve women's (composition – disposition – depression - position) in society.
33- Her mother (discouraged – encouraged – managed - bandaged) her to get a good education.
34- She was (awarded - got – gave – rewarded) her degree in 1939.
35- He joined the university (stiff – staff – stuff - crew) as a research assistant.
36- She was employed as a government (actor – ambassador – inspector – ancestor) for the teaching of Arabic literature.
37- Her work (took up – took off – took down – took to) much of her personal life.
38- Her great work is still (appeared – applied - appreciated – appointed) today.
39- She taught at many universities across the Arab (village – town – city – world).
40- She (spent – left – went – did) her life doing the things she was most interested in.
Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly:
1- I tried taking tablets for the headache but they didn't have any affection.
2- Applicants must have a degrade in Engineering.
3- Children need lots of disappointment when they're learning new things.
4- The abductor reported that 20% of school children were unable to read or write.
5- The rural environment was having a possessive effect on the children's health.
6- Parents play an important reel in their child's learning.
7- She took full arsenal responsibility for all the arrangements.
8- Who will be in change of the department when Sophie retires?
9- Antibiotics are only deductive if you finish the whole course of treatment.
10- Many people have trouble sleeping after a long bright.
11- He borrowed his father's car to depress his friends.
12- He was arrested for driving without a degree.
13- The first solar flight across the Atlantic took place many years ago.
14- The house is not really syllable for a large family.
15- I broke the vase during an armament with m
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